SNTEMP

Short Summary Long Abstract	SNTEMP (Stream Network TEMPerature model) is a mechanistic, one-dimensional heat transport model for branched stream networks that predicts the daily mean and maximum water temperatures as a function of stream distance and environmental heat flux. Net heat flux is calculated as the sum of heat to or from long-wave atmospheric radiation, direct short wave solar radiation, convection, evaporation, streamside vegetation (shading), streambed fluid friction, and the water's back radiation. The heat flux model incorporates groundwater inflow. The heat transport model is based on the dynamic temperature-steady flow equation and assumes that all input data, including meteorological and hydrological variables, can be represented by 24-hour averages. Typical applications include predicting the consequences of stream manipulation on water temperatures. Manipulations include reservoir discharge or release temperature changes, irrigation diversions, riparian shading alterations, channel modifications, or thermal loadings.
Water Quality Constituents Modeled	temperature
Status	SNTEMP requires an MS-DOS compatible system. The model executable is distributed free of charge by FORT. FORT also offers training. The USGS Stream Temperature Modeling course has recently been converted to be (almost) entirely available over the World Wide Web.
Graphical User Interface	None available.
Pre-processors	Pre-processing programs available to calculate shading and solar-related parameters; a multiple regression model is available to aid in the prediction of temperature at the upstream boundaries.
Developer	US Geological Survey (USGS)
Contact	Fort Collins Sciences Center (FORT) of the USGS, Fort Collins, CO, phone: 970-226-9319
Users' Manual	Instream Water Temperature Model, Instream Flow Information Paper 16 by F.D. Theurer, K.A. Voos, and W.J. Miller (1984), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, FWS/OBS-84/15.
Project Abstracts	Effects of Clearcutting | Cache la Poudre River, CO

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